National Flag :
The red, white, and blue stripes symbolize the nation, Buddhism, and the monarchy, respectively.

Time :
The time in Thailand is seven hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (+7 hours GMT).

Geography of Thailand:
At 514,000 sq km (198,000 sq mi), Thailand is the world’s 49th-largest country. It is comparable in size to France, and somewhat larger than the US state of California.

Thailand is divided into 4 natural regions:
1. The north of the country is mountainous, with the highest point
being Doi Inthanon at 2,576 metres (8,451 ft). Profusion of multi-coloured orchids, fastinating native handicrafts and winter temperatures are sufficiently cool to permit cultivation of temperate fruits such as strawberries and peaches;
2. The northeast consists of the Khorat Plateau, bordered to the east by the Mekong river, which still jealously guards its many archaeological and anthropological mysteries;
3. The Central Plain, one of the world’s most fertile rice and fruit-growing areas with colourful traditional culture and way of life as well as dominated by the predominantly flat Chao Phraya river valley, which runs into the Gulf of Thailand;
4. The peninsular South where the unspoiled beaches and idyllic islands complement economically vital tin mining, rubber cultivation and fishing. The south consists of the narrow Kra Isthmus that widens into the Malay Peninsula.
The local climate is tropical and characterised by monsoons. There is a rainy, warm, and cloudy southwest monsoon from mid-May to September, as well as a dry, cool northeast monsoon from November to mid-March. The southern isthmus is always hot and humid. Major cities beside the capital Bangkok include Nakhon Ratchasima, Khon Kaen, Udon Thani, Ubon Ratchathani, Nakhon Sawan, Chiang Mai, Phitsanulok, Surat Thani, Phuket and Hat Yai.

Demographics of Thailand:
Thailand’s population is dominated by various Tai-speaking peoples. Among these, the most numerous are the Central Thai, the Northeastern Thai or Isan or Lao, the Northern Thai, and the Southern Thai. The Central Thai have long dominated the nation politically, economically, and culturally, even though they make up only about one-third of Thailand’s population and are slightly outnumbered by the Northeastern Thai. Due to education system and the forging of a national identity, many people are now able to speak Central Thai as well as their own local dialects.

The largest group of non-Thai people are the Chinese who have historically played a disproportionately significant role in the economy. Most have integrated completely into mainstream Thai society, and do not live in Bangkok’s Chinatown on Yaowarat Road. Other ethnic groups include Malays in the south, Mon, Khmer and various hill tribes. After the end of the Vietnam War, many Vietnamese refugees settled in Thailand, mainly in the northeastern regions.

According to the last census (2000) 95. Some provinces and towns south of Chumphon have dominant Muslim populations, including many ethnic Thai. Often Muslims live in separate communities from non-Muslims. The southern tip of Thailand are mostly ethnic Malays and they are mostly concentrated in the south, where they form a strong majority in four provinces. Christians, mainly Catholics, represent 0.75 humidity); rainy with plenty of sunshine from June to October (average day temperature 29 degrees Celsius and 87% humidity); and cool from November to January (temperatures range from 32 degrees Celsius to below 20 degrees Celsius with a drop in humidity). Much lower temperatures are experienced in the North and Northeast during nighttime. The South has a tropical rainforest climate with temperatures averaging 28 degrees Celsius almost all year round.

Electricity:
The electric current is 220 volt AC (50 cycles) throughout the country. Many different types of plugs and sockets are in use. Travellers with electric shavers, hair dryers, tape recorders and other appliances should carry a plug adapter kit. The better hotels will make available 110-volt transformers.

Tap Water:
Tap water is clean but drinking from it directly should be avoided. Bottled water is recommended

Clothing:
Light, cool clothes are sensible and a jacket is needed for formal meetings and dining in top restaurants. Shorts (except knee length walking shorts), sleeveless shirts, tank tops and other beach-style attire are considered inappropriate dress when not actually at the beach or in a resort area.

Weights & Measures:
The metric system is used throughout Thailand. Numerals on vehicle speed ometers, highway markers and speed limits all indicate kilometres.

Business Hours:
Most commercial concerns in Bangkok operate on a five-day week, usually from 8 am to 5 pm. Many stores open seven days a week from 10 am to 10 pm. Government offices are generally open between 8.30 am and 4.30 pm with a noon to 1 pm lunch break, Monday to Friday except on public holidays. Banks are open Mondays to Fridays from 9.30 am to 3.30 pm except on public holidays.

Postal Services:
Thailand’s mail service is reliable and efficient. Major hotels provide basic postal services on their premises. Provincial post offices are usually open from 8.00 a.m. to 4.30 p.m.

International Roaming Mobile Phone:
A Subscriber Identity Module Card (SIM Card) is now available for Thai and foreign customers who are travelling around for work. The SIM Card must be used in conjunction with a Digital GSM mobile phone within the 900-MHz range or a Digital PCN mobile phone within the 1800-MHz range.

Fax and E-mail:
All of Thailand’s leading hotels offer facsimile (fax) and e-mail services. Numerous private businesses offer such facilities, most often in conjunction with translation services.

Internet Services:
Thailand has been expanding its information service for residents and tourists alike through the Internet system. Services are now available at Thailand’s leading hotels and at the many “cybercafes ” that are cropping up in all major tourist destinations.

Telephone Services:
At present, all telephone numbers (for local calls and long distance calls within the country) have nine digits.
” For Bangkok calls, 02 is added to the existing numbers i.e. 0 2694 1222.
” For provincial calls, an area code is added to the existing numbers. For example, area code for Chiang Mai is 053 = 0 5324 8604; area code for Phuket is 076 = 0 7621 1036.
” The new system has no effect on international phone calls.
” The international dialing code for Thailand is 66.
” When making international calls to Thailand, add 66 and omit the leading 0.
” When making international calls from Thailand, first dial 001+country code+area code+telephone number
” If calling Laos or Malaysia, there is a special code which is charged at a semi-domestic rate.
” When calling Laos, first dial 007+856+area code+telephone number
” When calling Malaysia, first dial 09+06+area code+telephone number
” Direct assistance: 1133 (local), 100 (international)
Emergency Telephone Numbers
” Central Emergency (Police, Ambulance, Fire) : 191
” Highway Patrol : 1193
” Crime Suppression : 195 or 0 2513 3844
” Tourist Police (English, French and German spoken) : 1155
” Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) Call Centre : 1672
” Immigration Bureau : 0 2287 3101-10

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